Kinematics links - Every part of machine which have relative motion to another part. → The link should be resistance body. What is resistant body? →Under the action of force it can transfer motion and power. Kinematics links →1. Rigid links 2. Flexible links 3. Fluid links Rigid links - There is no deformation. Ex - piston,connecting rod Flexible links - Deformation is allowed under permissible limits. Ex - Belt drive Fluid links - A fluid link is one that is deformed by having fluid in a closed vessel and the motion is transmitted through the fluid by pressure. Ex - Hydraulic press Types of links - 1. Singular 2. Binary 3. Ternary 4. Quaternary links
I.C ENGINE
HERE WE KNOW ABOUT CARNOT CYCLE,we already discuss in thermodynamics cheptra history behind carnnot cycle and details about this plz check the link :
https://engineerapk.blogspot.in/2017/11/history-behind-carnot-cycle-details-of.html?m=1
OTTO CYCLE :
Basic of otto cycle ;
* This cycle was introduced by german scientists Dr. A.N. Otto.
* It is successfully aplied on petrol engine.
* It consist two reversible adiabetic process & two constant volume process.
* This is six event cycle -
A. Suction
B. Compression
C. Combustion
D. Expansion
E. Blow by(heat rejected)
F. Exahust
Theory of otto cycle
Process (0 - 1) suction of the air fuel mixture in cycle.
Process (1 - 2) adiabetic compression.
Process (2 - 3) compress volume of heat addition.
Process (3 - 4) adiabetic expansion.
Process (4 - 1) constant volume heat rejection.
Process (1 - 0) piston go to TDC exhaust.
Otto cycle : 4 stroke, 6 event
Works on S.I engine.
Fuel : gasoline (petrol)
Here four strokes are : A. Suction B. Compression C. Power D. Exaust
* combustion and blow by ( heat rejected) are instantaneous event.
Suction(0°-180°): Inlet valve open, exhaust value closed, piston moves T.D.C to B.D.C.
low pressure area created in CC(combustion chamber), CC is filled with fresh air.
Compression(180°-360°) : piston moves B.D.C. to T.D.C.
Fresh charge gets compresed.
Combustion : crank in postion 360°.Its a instantaneous process,heat addition.
Expansion(360°-540°): piston goes T.D.C. to B.D.C. Both valve are closed.
Blow by : Crank angle 540°.its a instantaneous Process.exhaust valve gets open.burn gases are excape from cc.heat rejection.
Exaust(540°-720°):exhaust valve open.burn gases out from cc.
* suction stroke - constant pressure Process.
*compression stroke- reversible adiabetic compression process.
*combustion - its a instantaneous process.constant volume.heat addition.
*expansion - reversible adiabetic expansion.
* blow by - constant volume heat rejection.
*exhaust - constant pressure process.
Effiency of Air Standar Otto Cycle :
η = 1 - (1/r)^γ - 1
From this above expansion it is obvious that greater the compression ratio,higher will be the air standard cycle efficiency.
* Efficiency is indipendent of heat supplied and pressure ratio.
* Efficiency is measure by the increasing of compression ratio.
** NOTE THAT WHO ARE INTERESTED IN WBPSC EXAM.LAST DATE OF SUBMIT 3RD JAN 2018.
I.c engine: carnnot cycle,otto cycle,6 event,4stroke details
https://www.pscwbonline.gov.in/apps/login/login.html
HERE WE KNOW ABOUT CARNOT CYCLE,we already discuss in thermodynamics cheptra history behind carnnot cycle and details about this plz check the link :
https://engineerapk.blogspot.in/2017/11/history-behind-carnot-cycle-details-of.html?m=1
OTTO CYCLE :
Basic of otto cycle ;
* This cycle was introduced by german scientists Dr. A.N. Otto.
* It is successfully aplied on petrol engine.
* It consist two reversible adiabetic process & two constant volume process.
* This is six event cycle -
A. Suction
B. Compression
C. Combustion
D. Expansion
E. Blow by(heat rejected)
F. Exahust
Theory of otto cycle
Process (1 - 2) adiabetic compression.
Process (2 - 3) compress volume of heat addition.
Process (3 - 4) adiabetic expansion.
Process (4 - 1) constant volume heat rejection.
Process (1 - 0) piston go to TDC exhaust.
Otto cycle : 4 stroke, 6 event
Works on S.I engine.
Fuel : gasoline (petrol)
Here four strokes are : A. Suction B. Compression C. Power D. Exaust
* combustion and blow by ( heat rejected) are instantaneous event.
Suction(0°-180°): Inlet valve open, exhaust value closed, piston moves T.D.C to B.D.C.
low pressure area created in CC(combustion chamber), CC is filled with fresh air.
Compression(180°-360°) : piston moves B.D.C. to T.D.C.
Fresh charge gets compresed.
Combustion : crank in postion 360°.Its a instantaneous process,heat addition.
Expansion(360°-540°): piston goes T.D.C. to B.D.C. Both valve are closed.
Blow by : Crank angle 540°.its a instantaneous Process.exhaust valve gets open.burn gases are excape from cc.heat rejection.
Exaust(540°-720°):exhaust valve open.burn gases out from cc.
* suction stroke - constant pressure Process.
*compression stroke- reversible adiabetic compression process.
*combustion - its a instantaneous process.constant volume.heat addition.
*expansion - reversible adiabetic expansion.
* blow by - constant volume heat rejection.
*exhaust - constant pressure process.
Effiency of Air Standar Otto Cycle :
η = 1 - (1/r)^γ - 1
From this above expansion it is obvious that greater the compression ratio,higher will be the air standard cycle efficiency.
* Efficiency is indipendent of heat supplied and pressure ratio.
* Efficiency is measure by the increasing of compression ratio.
** NOTE THAT WHO ARE INTERESTED IN WBPSC EXAM.LAST DATE OF SUBMIT 3RD JAN 2018.
I.c engine: carnnot cycle,otto cycle,6 event,4stroke details
https://www.pscwbonline.gov.in/apps/login/login.html
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